More Men Are Taking ‘Women’s’ Jobs, Usually Disadvantaged Men

Mar 09, 2017 · 57 comments
LS (Brooklyn)
Your judgments about the "status" of a job are awfully subjective, don't you think?
And your reference to "disadvantaged men" is sort of insulting, no?
But you did a great job of dividing everybody up into opposing micro-cohorts of race and gender and etc.
At this rate we'll never have to deal with the pay inequality at the root of the problem. We'll just go round and round in a sea of data, miserably.
Brava!
sf (ny)
In my life I have never ever seen a male hotel room cleaner, male preschool teacher, male daycare aide or male school cafeteria lunch cook. There are probably other positions unlikely to be filled by men. Yet these all being very hard and exceptionally low paying jobs I doubt we'll see men in these jobs anytime soon. Secretaries and nurses are also mostly female.
Without women filling these VERY important jobs the economy would come to a standstill.
P.S.-Always, always tip your hotel housekeeper.
Educator (Washington)
It would be prudent to stop referring to jobs as female jobs or pink collar. This language creates a stigma around a male's accepting such work. Why would retail or food-related jobs need to have a gender association? Males have always dominated retail positions at some sorts of stores.

I think also that calling these jobs unskilled misses the mark and is insulting. Anyone who has ever sought the assistance of one of the sales people in a store or anyone who has worked in, say, food service knows that skills absolutely are required to do the job well.

The skills are only different from the skills required of, say, a dental technician, a blue collar worker, or a physicist.
Joe Paridisio (New York)
The problem I find, or at least observed, is that as women enter the higher professional fields of work, they tend to want to marry men of equal or greater status, whereas men, they'll tend to marry a women of equal or greater status, or of lower status....This I think makes for a greater concentration of bubbles, or super zips.
Tim (DC area)
I've also noticed the reverse that many men are often self conscious, or more hesitant to date a woman who is much more successful or more intelligent than they are.
kas (FL)
maybe for older folks, but for people 40 and under high-status men are also marrying high-status women. I know lots of well-educated, successful men, and I don't know any guy who married a cashier or waitress. Men with elite educations and good jobs marry other women with good educations and jobs. Perhaps the women stop working after having kids, but they were almost invariably in white-collar jobs before leaving the work force.
Ami (Portland Oregon)
How about all jobs provide a living wage regardless of what gender chooses to work them. All these divisions do is distract from the real issue. A large number of people are falling behind because of income inequality. That should be our focus not gender wars.
dan (Fayetteville AR)
Perhaps when more men work in these positions, other men will consider them important enough to pay decent wages.
N8iveAuenSt8er (San Francisco Bay Area)
Every single person who works 40 hours per week, no matter the job, should be able to afford, with NO difficulty:
-Food and Personal Care items
-Housing and Utilities (including phone/internet)
-Transportation
-Healthcare (including Dental, etc)
-Clothing
-Some quality-of-life purchases (recreation, music, classes, fun stuff).

It doesn't matter whether you're cleaning toilets or running a multinational corporation. Anyone who is employed full-time, working 40 hours per week, deserves *all of the above*. It's not a handout...it's *earned*. The degree of luxury is all that should be different.

*All* work matters, and all workers are needed. Clean equipment and facilities are necessary for health and safety. The elderly and infirm need assistance with activities of daily living in order to survive. Bus drivers are needed for people to get to work--how would those businesses survive without their workers?

Everyone who gives 40 hours per week of time and work deserves a life of dignity, as they are contributing to the functioning of society and the economy. It's time we start valuing *people*.
Sam R (Oregon)
I continue to be surprised at how few men work as Executive Assistants. The pay range can be much better than other service jobs ($60K - $80K), and the work is interesting and challenging. A college degree is not necessarily required either. Typically one needs industry experience, strong skills in project management, communications, and proficiency in Microsoft Office, along with a professional demeanor and attire. In my 30+ year career across several industries, I have only met/worked with 2-3 male executive assistants. I would encourage more men to apply for these jobs.
Keith (Washington, DC)
Executive Assistant is a prestigious job in the military and typically filled with a senior colonel/Navy captain. The executive assistant is the gate keeper for a general/flag officer or senior political appointee.
jadetimes (NY NY)
The government has not done enough to educate future STEM employees. With an aging population more healthcare workers are needed. Scientific jobs are going to foreign visa holders for lack of qualified U.S. applicants. Most people can get funding for retraining through their unemployment offices or attend community college to obtain a USEFUL degree that will lead to work in the STEM fields in as little as 2 years. In a capitalist society you have to keep moving!
Honeybee (Dallas)
We have tons of highly qualified STEM workers.

Your buddy Bill Gates doesn't want to hire them; he favors cheaper H1B visa workers who will take lower pay, live in a dormitory setup, and eat noodles for dinner.

They are NOT better or more qualified; they are just cheaper.
Honeybee (Dallas)
I respect anyone who works.
What you call "lower-status" jobs, I call respectable and responsible attempts to provide for oneself.

They might be "lower status" to East Coast Ivy Leaguers, but not to the rest of us.

To call a job "lower status" is to reveal your own completely unacknowledged view of the world. Sad.
Patrice Stark (Atlanta GA)
I think many types of groups in the US do not value the average worker - it goes way beyond " the ivy/ leaguers". Our society only values individuals with money period. Many people are hard working individuals who do not make a lot of money but still work very hard. The most important jobs in our country are not respected like teachers.
If you are not rich you do not count.
Bill R (Madison VA)
It would be interesting to see the Gender, Race, Immigration Status, and Education separably. This would indicate to readers the relative importance of these factors.
Phyliss Dalmatian (Wichita, Ks)
Good. Enough with the " women's " jobs and " men's " jobs. The PERSON that can do the job and willing to work for what is offered, should get the job. Maybe if more men work traditionally female jobs, we can all get paid a little more. Yeah, I know. But, I can hope.
Margaret Davidson (Denver, CO)
Does anyone else think this article is written in a stigmatizing way?? How about we applaud minority (or white) males for taking on roles in 'traditionally female' fields such as nursing, teaching, reception, clerking, etc.

“More privileged men can resist entry into predominantly female occupations more readily than their less privileged counterparts" the author writes, as though the privileged thing to do for a man is to "resist" entering a career that is female dominated... Many would think it is a privilege to be a healthcare worker, a teacher, a radiation therapist, etc whether you are male or female.

I work at a nonprofit that is dominated by female employees. Many men who work at our company or in the industry actually like working in a space that is primarily female and there is nothing wrong with that. Women have worked in male-dominated industries for years, what's the big deal about a man working in a female-dominated industry?

My hope is that men who are moving into lower-skilled jobs generally held by women are comfortable with themselves and do not consider it any sort of social failure to be employed in a job where they are doing honest work. If I was one of the "black, Hispanic, less educated, poor and immigrant men" in a female dominated industry reading this article, it would not make me feel great about my career, and that is shame.
cl (vermont)
The point is that white low skilled males would rather collect unemployment or disability than work a job in an occupation performed primarily be women. Thus, the reason why trump is our president.
Honeybee (Dallas)
The irony is that the East Coast Liberals who profess to be the most caring and concerned, actually and truly rank people based on which college they attended. And if you didn't go to college, you don't even rank in their eyes.

With them, it's not "You're inviting us to your beach house?" it's "Yeah, but exactly where is your beach house?"

They're so immersed in this culture that they:
1. think it's the dominant culture
2. don't realize it's hypocritical and bizarre
3. don't realize participating that in the culture is purely optional

The rest of us respect anyone who works and we expect our children to respect them, as well. We don't think of them as "low-status" workers.

I love NYC, but flying home to Texas and out of that rat-race mentality is really nice. I wouldn't live anywhere else.
K (Freedom)
Making America Greater Again: It is not enough for nonwhites to serve a white male, but to include white women. The purpose is to ensure that equality is met for both white men and women, and throw a splash of others to distract from the collective. Just like slavery. Good ole days.
K (Freedom)
"Making America Greater and Greater Again and Again" The reason I make more than entitlement people is because I'm educated and work harder than all of them. I earned the right to live comfortably because I'm smart and went to school. I can't deal with the constant complaints of some people who want fair equity like I do. It has to be earned not given.
Be delusional and create a new mantra "Broken America Dying to an End."
Patrice Stark (Atlanta GA)
Not everyone can afford to go on for higher education. Many people who work in fields that do not pay well work very hard too. They sometimes have to work multiple jobs. Try working as a nursing assistant in a nursing home for 6 months.
Kat (Boston)
Guess what? It's only in Monopoly that all players start with the same amount of cash and opportunities. And even then, if you were playing against a 3rd grader would you be pounding your chest about how your hard work and smarts allowed you to cream him? Give me a break. Open your eyes. Not everyone comes to the game of life with the same cash, connections, education, health, support, or cultural privilege. Grow up and be grateful for all that you've lucked into.
Paul (Shelton, WA)
Freedom: Please get and read "Unequal Childhoods" by Annette LaRue. A powerful 10-year study of middle class, working class and poor and their child-raising strategies. See Table D in the second edition for outcomes. Includes several races in the study. It will expand your viewpoint.
Jillian (Santa Monica, CA)
The real problem is that nearly all work which transforms elements into components, finish goods, understanding, new capabilities is undervalued and certain capital assets are overvalued so "rents" are high relative to the dynamics of the overall economy.

Often the second working spouse will accept a wage lower than the what comparable talent who is the breadwinner would be willing to accept. They do this because they can. Employers know it. It drives down wages. (IMHO this is a major factor in why many women are paid less for the same job title and responsibilities even when outperforming male peers.) Yet, I have witness the same rationale applied by hiring employers to candidates which are the male spouses and partners whose job would be the lower-status and lower-income source to the family.

It would actually stimulate the US economy to prohibit employers from asking about previous wages and earnings. Employers would have to offer compensation that is relevant to the job and the relationship between local persons' incomes and local property values and rents as well as other costs would be more closely correlated. Workers would have some disposable income.
John (Los Angeles)
Studies like this--or at least articles about such studies--seem designed to breed resentment and division, when what is needed is solidarity across and within all groups of workers.

I, for one, refuse to be baited into pitting worker against worker.

The real villain is the rentier class.
FSMLives! (NYC)
The real villain is the rentier class combined with a massive oversupply of low skilled labor.
Andy (Connecticut)
You need an education, not a penis.
Ai Ki (Right Here)
Or not a particular skin color.
piginspandex (DC)
"An education" is not the ticket to a living wage (ask the nation's former students who collectively owe $1 trillion in debt) and for another thing, it shouldn't be. The world needs people in the retail and service and care industries just as much if not more than it needs professors and CEOs, and ALL those people should be paid a living wage. Nobody who works 40 hours a week should go hungry, and yet they do in droves. Finger wagging at the poor and telling them they should have made better life choices is as heartless as it is pointless.
Old Yeller (SLC UT USA)
Leslie McCall's quote should have been the lede:

"...policy makers who want to improve jobs should focus not on gender or race, but on general working conditions at the bottom of the income ladder."

Identity politics divide us and economic politics unite us. Hopefully we learned that lesson last November, when working class white women voted Trump.

Nothing will improve in an environment created by pitting men against women. If we want equal pay for women and men of all races, we must unite to fight income inequality and not be divided by identity politics.

When economic survival is on the line, the gender politics of affluent women become yet another liability for less educated working women.
paul (blyn)
Bravo Old Yeller..... If Hillary had read and learned from your post, she would have been president instead of the demagogue Trump.
P Palmer (America)
Actually, Paul.....

HRC would be president if fools didn't believe the lies of trump and his sycophants; their promises of pie in the sky was too much for the "uneducated" that he had backing him.
Paul (Shelton, WA)
I rec'd you, Paul, but......Hillary was totally unconscious about the middle class workers who are losing good paying jobs in droves. Calling them 'deplorables' is right up there with Romney's "47%" remark.

One possible solution: Companies that leave or automate jobs can do so---economic efficiency is needed. But, we could require that the folks who do that pay 50% of their savings into a fund ONLY accessible by those laid off--for three years. Including SS and Medicare, paid in the name of the laid-off worker. They would also be eligible for unemployment for two years. This would thus be a glide path enabling them to recover and do what fits, for them, to move forward in their lives. They would not spiral down into poverty. And society would not bear the whole burden of private decisions that end up impoverishing people the way things are done now. Might even be able to reduce the tax burden.
Rebecca (Cambridge)
"...the women who have continued to make inroads into more prestigious male-dominated professions in that period are likely to be white, educated, native-born and married, according to the research"

I am non white, not born here and single and I work in finance technology industry which is predominantly male. I think being married only hurt you not help you.
Sarah (Ohio)
I agree with you about being married, many in upper management do not take you as seriously... I was told I am a "ticking time bomb." Not something I would expect to hear in 2017 but when leadership was born in 1951 guess you have to "grin and bear it."
John (Los Angeles)
Alas, you're not alone. I've heard women in my workplace say the same about other women.

Not even sure it's a generational thing. Just a tendency of managers to want to keep what they've got and neutralize threats from lower-ranking employees.

If this election taught us anything, it's that most people who are in a position to wield power over others really are deplorables.

We're gonna need a bigger basket.
hen3ry (New York)
“People are focusing too much on the white, male working class,” she said, “but if you look at the working class more broadly, the issues are quite similar across all groups: wages, economic security, employment support, training.”

Anyone who works for a paycheck is working class whether they are poor, working class, or middle class. The idea that someone who works for a living shouldn't make a living wage unless they've got a college degree or a master's and work in an office is ridiculous. There are people who will never be able to earn a college degree. There are people who haven't graduated from high school for whatever reason. To penalize them and their families by paying them substandard wages on the grounds that they don't deserve a decent place to live, enough food not to go hungry, and the chance at a decent life is wrong. If America truly believes in the dignity of life we'll stop cutting to the bone programs that keep people out of poverty.

We'd also stop telling people that it's their own fault they can't find decent jobs. There is real discrimination out there that starts almost as soon as one graduates and enters the job market. Young and female: will marry and get pregnant. Young and male: as long as you're white you're good. Experienced in a field: over 10 years, you're too expensive. Aged 45 and up: you're too old. Over 50: don't even bother. Have degrees and certifications and experience: too expensive.
Nicky (NJ)
A lot of people aren't hired because they have no valuable skills.

In America you have two choices: accept your reality for what is, or claw and fight your way out.

Entitlement programs are not a viable long term solution.
paul (blyn)
You are bringing up two issues hen2ry. Your first two paragraphs deal with income inequality in general...ie the richer and poorer. You are right...everybody should be given a living wage and the gap between the two classes is way too wide compared to our past and all our peer countries.

Disagree with you on the last paragraph. Adding gender and race to it doesn't fly anymore. Most of that discrimination has ended and now these groups are looking to "play the card" for equality instead of earning it.

What it more true now it age discrimination, especially in the private sector. It has reached the point of economic genocide re the senior.
K Henderson (NYC)
H, you whole comment is dead on but this is particular insightful

"We'd also stop telling people that it's their own fault they can't find decent jobs. There is real discrimination out there that starts almost as soon as one graduates and enters the job market."

Now we hear this "blame the working person who want a real full time job" all of the time in the media. It is a kind of propaganda but I am not sure why people are buying into it.
Jonathan (Oronoque)
Everybody will get the best job they can find for the skills and abilities they have. The job of nurse's aid is the lowest paying because it requires the least skill. You don't really even have to be able to read and write very well. The same thing is true of janitorial jobs. At my coop in NYC, the porters who vacuumed the carpeting and took out the garbage were nice guys, but their literacy was pretty low.

The factory and construction jobs that low-skill men used to take were similarly undemanding intellectually. They did, however, require a fair amount of strength and endurance, which was why the pay was somewhat higher.

But in today's society, both men and women who don't know much have limited options.
K Henderson (NYC)
J, you are making so many broad generalizations I dont know where to start. Yes, there are very low skill sorts of jobs and those wont pay well. But those jobs will still have health care and other benefits in other major countries of the world. But in the USA, these full time working folks apparently DESERVE low pay, part-time wages, and no health care. Are you really OK with that?
Jonathan (Oronoque)
@K Henderson - The semi-literate porters in my building made $35K a year, plus health insurance and a two-week vacation.

Of course, if you opened up applications for these jobs to the general public, the line of applicants would stretch from 15th Street to the Bronx.
piginspandex (DC)
Nobody is arguing that a nurse's aid and a heart surgeon should be paid the same wages. The nurse's aid should, however, be paid a living wage. A low-skill job can and should mean lower pay than a highly-skilled one, but they are still working people who need to eat and to have a roof over their heads.
matt polsky (white township, nj)
Don't NYTs writers read the comments on the stream of earlier articles on women in the workplace? If they did, they would see some that pointed out it is possible to make their points without the requisite over-generalizing of white men.
The conclusions of researchers and those who report on their work should be limited to what is learned in the study; respecting the study's limitations, including what was and wasn't looked at; and keeping their own biases to a minimum.
Did the research actually look at whether "at all levels of work, it seems white Americans have more choices?" Were white Americans actually asked, particularly men, if this is true? Or are their "choices" more constrained than might be assumed?
Men are asserted to have "privilege." Was this proven in the course of the study, or just someone's assumption based on a particular view of what that term means? Again, were white men asked about privilege? In the "Christian Laetner" movie, one of the hypothesis given for why some people hate him is because he is privileged. The movie showed he was not.
Was reverse discrimination part of the study? Are the study authors or the reporter advocating reverse discrimination? If not, what are their solutions? If so, while best to admit it, be prepared for a second Trump Administration.
Finally, isn't this somewhat of a good news article? If so, why not just emphasize that progress?
CBuffington (Washignton DC)
Really interesting -- how about linking to the new research paper?
ck (San Jose)
It hasn't been been published yet, according to the article.
JT (Norway)
...While work done by women continues to be valued less, the study demonstrates

And I stop reading
paul (blyn)
Here is the bottom line here imo.

Anybody should be encouraged to do any job they want free of discrimination, intimidation etc. whether it be pot scrubber or President. If obvious discrimination can be proved it must be remedied.

Having said that, approaching it from a gender or ethnic angle runs the risk of
"playing the card" or the opposite, "demonizing the person with the better job.
Marge Keller (Midwest)
"The majority of doctors are still men, but women have become the majority in some health care specialties, including pharmacists and veterinarians."

My husband and I have been to a plethora of animal hospitals, clinics and specialists over the past 40 years. We have noticed a dramatic increase in the number of female veterinarians we have encountered. The ratio has become a 4-1 increase in many of the places we frequent (with 12 cats it's never very long between visits for one reason or another). Every female vet we have ever encountered has always been as professional, empathic, sharp as a cat's claw, and brilliant as their male counterpart. The one aspect which has NOT changed in over 40 years is that each practice/hospital/clinic we visit is still owned by men.
paul (blyn)
Well then Marge......do something about it....buy a practice/hospital or clinic or support some woman who wants to do it instead of mentioning it like you or worse women who complain about it but do nothing but expect it to be handed to them because they are women.
Ilene Bilenky (Littleton, MA)
That might well be because the male vets are older/more experienced/more financial able to own a practice. I know that is the case at the wonderful practice where I take my dogs. Also, the women vets are likely younger and of childbearing age and might not be putting in the same time if they do have children.
Marge Keller (Midwest)


Well Paul, I was not complaining, merely stating what I had observed over the years. By the way, a friend of ours sold his practice for 2 million dollars in 2006. I don't have that kind of loose change in my cat treat jar. Buying a practice/hospital/clinic is a little more complicated and costly than buying a used car. Also I have never said I expected a woman to be handed ANYTHING simply because she is one. I believe you are way off on what you think you read into my comment. Sincere apologies if I have offended anyone.
theother1 (NYC)
The correlation between women in health care and men in military careers and the proposed cuts/spending by the Trump admistration is another under reported component of the budget debate.
Margo (Atlanta)
Are you saying there needs to be a projection of how new government policies will affect people's employment by gender, race and age? That's pretty sensible, if it can be estimated clearly and easily (and correctly).