No Reason to Exclude Transgender Medical Care

Dec 09, 2015 · 65 comments
Gerald (Houston, TX)
Why should taxpayers and insurance policy holders pay for ANY Transgender health care services?
Adele (Toronto)
What this article does NOT mention is who is going to pay the healthcare costs engendered by sex change operations? Or by hormones?

You are basically taking a physically healthy person and either mutilating them or giving them hormones that are known to cause infertility, cancer, stroke, etc. You are creating permanent medical patients. Google "detransition" and see what you find. The stories presented to us through the media's pro-trans, rose coloured glasses paint a prettier picture than the reality.

This article states again and again that all the best medical professionals agree that medical and surgical treatment is the best option for people who identify as trans. This is not true at all, there is considerable debate on the subject and very little long term study. The rationalization is always that trans people will commit suicide if not given the surgery or hormones they desire. However, the longest term study that exists - which studied MtoF trans people in Sweden for 20 years, suggests that the rate of suicide stays high even after transition. So maybe it's not the solution everyone thinks it is.

All people with gender identity issues are not necessarily best served by surgery or hormones. Some people just need to learn to accept themselves the way they are. And if society accepted gender nonconformity, maybe people would feel more comfortable in their own skin. Let's go back to "first, do no harm." Otherwise, what's next? Liposuction for anorexics?
b. (usa)
Someone's going to have to explain to me in a clear manner how this constitutes "medically necessary" care, because right now based on what's been presented in this article, it seems like an abuse of the term.
bern (La La Land)
Have a problem? Check your genes. XX and you are female. XY and you are male. There are various anomalies, but get used to your biological self. People make up all kinds of stories about themselves. Perhaps insurance should pay for psychotherapy, but stop telling yourself a weird and expensive story that causes you to want pills and shots and surgery.
Byrd (Orange County, CA)
Medical insurance generally does not cover breast implants. Neither does it cover penile implants, nor reversal of sterilization, nor vasectomies, nor wigs, nor infertility treatments, nor clothes befitting your most recent surgery. We are accustomed to paying for such things ourselves, and rightfully so.

Really really really wanting a thing is different from having it be medically necessary. If you desire gender reassignment surgery, by all means buy it, but do not pass the costs of doing so onto us heteronormatives.
Gerald (Houston, TX)
Why should taxpayers and insurance policy holders pay for ANY gender reassignment surgery services?

Or breast implants. penile implants, reversal of sterilization, vasectomies, wigs, infertility treatments, etc.
Sridhar Chilimuri (New York)
We work in a very poor neighborhood and it does not help if medicaid does not support gender confirmation surgical procedures. Perhaps state governments should change this policy before making insurance companies to do so.
lamplighter55 (Yonkers, NY)
"transgender-related care is cost-effective in the long run because it generally reduces the likelihood of depression, anxiety and other conditions that take a toll on well-being and productivity"

The only issue I have with this statement, is that I have a close transgender relative who, before she transitioned, wasn't depressed or anxious (or, at least, wasn't on medication), had goals, and was achieving them. After transitioning, she's on medication for depression and anxiety and is unable to hold a job.
Thom McCann (New York)

This story is all very fine but reality enters the door and turns it all into a nightmare.

Previously a he, Dr. Richard Raskind, top-ranked amateur tennis player became a transgender.

In her book, “No Way Renée: The Second Half of My Notorious Life,” Dr. Richards lists so many regrets…“Better to be an intact man functioning with 100 percent capacity for everything than to be a transsexual woman who is an imperfect woman.”

This is not only a deviant life choice but a deadly one.

Johns Hopkins University pioneered transgendered surgery but due to the high rate of suicide (40%) they stopped.

A Netherlands large-scale 2011 study found treated transgenders had much higher than normal death rates due to suicide, drug abuse, AIDS, etc.

Transgenders need psychiatric help and counseling to accept their physical designation as to who they really are

Without this change transgenders live a life of tragedy or of sexual befuddlement forever.

The real tragic story is that most have appalling endings.
Kathleen (<br/>)
If you look at so-called cis people of both genders, you will see a wide range of external features, not all of which are to their bearers' liking. My question would be why trans people would be entitled to appearance-based surgical treatment and hormones, while the rest of us who may not be satisfied with our appearance, particularly with respect to traits more closely associated with the other gender, i.e., unwanted facial and body hair and unwanted breast development among cis men, would continue to be told that these depressing symptoms are something with which we just have to live. Making cis people subsidize cosmetic surgery for trans people would just add insult to injury, in not only depriving the former of the same care, but also depriving them of additional tax/premium savings that could have been used to pay for their own cosmetic treatment.
Brian (Kladno CZ)
I've never seen such an extreme example of one group that makes up less than 0.3% (or 0.003) of the US population getting such a disproportionate amount of column space in US newspapers in such a contracted period of time (say, in the last 6-9 months).

Anybody else feel like we're being manipulated?
Julie (Denver)
Not really. Acts of terrorism in the US have directly effected about 0.001% of the US population yet we devoured that news like rabid dogs.

Transitioning was a big story because it effected an olympic icon and Kardashian patriarch. Why wouldn't people be curious?
Jonathan Hinkle (Cambridge, MA)
A really easy way to stop hearing about trans people would be to stop making the world so hostile to them.
JA Lewis (Manhattan)
Agreed. So so tired of this gender Kool-Aid. Huge step backwards. Conservative, regressive, homophobic and misogynist movement being passed off as something progressive.
Chris (Danbury, CT)
I believe "gender confirmation" is a better term than "gender reassignment". This surgery is not cosmetic. I agree with Audrey; it is a matter of life and death.

Also, when is the NYT going to have the discriminatory exclusion removed from its policies?
Here (There)
And yet Jenner has lived to be sixty without it.
Annika Morgan (Austin Texas)
I am a trans woman and I can tell you that what I live with sits far outside anything not-trans people experience with their bodies. I would like to ask that every put their preconceived notions of what "trans people" are aside and instead listen to us talk about our bodies and how we are affected physically by this.
For myself, when my testosterone is in the normal male range I suffer physically. This is not a "mental problem". My body literally rejects itself. I suffer from horrible scalp problems that medicated shampoo does not fix (this is due to higher skin oil production that occurs when you have testosterone that's in the "male range") I suffer from dry skin that lotions do not fix. My relationship to my sex drive while at male levels of T is...not okay, imagine uncontrollable panic and anxiety and depression that is not "mental" but physical. Emotionally I become aloof and detached, unfocused and cold. It's as if between my brain and body there is a disconnect, and all I can feel are unending physical artifacts resulting from a non-stop panic attack and skin and scalp problems that can't be medicated away. Then there's the knowing that you were born with sex parts that are "not the right ones" and NOTHING will ever change that.
HRT (estrogen) was life-changing for me. My physical problems are mostly gone now. Without access to this option I would have taken my own life two years ago. To say this is "elective" or cosmetic is ill-informed on your part. Please reconsider
Here (There)
I'm sorry for your pain but it you want our insurance dollars in a time of rapidly rising premiums to finance your optional surgery. No.
grannychi (Grand Rapids, MI)
Thank you for the insight.
JA Lewis (Manhattan)
You sound dangerously close to saying that you have a female brain in a male body. There is no such thing as a female brain or a male brain. That is sexist tripe that's very harmful to women. Gender dysphoria is real, but that does not mean surgery is the answer. There are people with all kinds of cosmetic physical problems that cause psychological anguish -- why aren't they being covered by insurance, too? The rise of trangenderism is big pharma and feminist backlash all the way.
An iconoclast (Oregon)
Why not grab the bull by the horn and use the words sexual reassignment surgery? One small example of how and why the Times excursion into its discussion of transgender issues is so very incomplete or should I say one sided knowing I will engender a lot of blowback. It is the plain truth, the subject is much broader than the Times very narrow presentation. The discussion is delegitimized when it only features one voice, one attitude, one filter. And I do not mean an oppositional point of view, only a wider more honest one. Those of us looking through a wide angle lens see and are interested in the topic beyond the base civil rights issues and pro trans testimonials. And is it not curious that The Editorial Board has taken up the issue and led a crusade as it has not for many more universal issues facing an exponentially larger segment of humanity. I wonder why the issue has grabbed so many column inches in comparison to all the other injustice occurring day in and day out around the globe.
leanbh dorcha (An Iarthuaisceart na hÉireann)
This debate is not about sex. This debate is about a medical condition in need of treatment. Read the comment from the lady in Austin just above your own. She said everything there is to say.

I too am a trans woman. There are very real physical symptoms associated with being trans that you know absolutely nothing about. And sex had very little to do with the care we are seeking.
EL (Phoenix, AZ)
To maybe help clarify your question about why we don't just call it "sexual reassignment surgery" - this term is misleading in representing the entire process of transition as a single surgical event. That's simply not the case - there is no singular "sexual reassignment surgery". Transition is complicated, takes time, may involve any number of hormone replacement therapy schedules and a variety of possible surgeries - meaning that transition and its associated costs are different for every person (although the cost is usually high).

Also, I'd like to think that people may still feel compassion for experiences outside their own, even if those experiences belong to a small percentage of the population.
JA Lewis (Manhattan)
Well said, an iconoclast.

And lest we forget, you can simulate the sexual organs of the opposite sex, but you can never actually change your sex. If you were born XY with a male reproductive system you are male and that cannot be changed.
Angela Diaz, MD, MPH (New York)
A commendable piece. Transition-related health care is medically necessary, period. It’s even better if this kind of care is available to young people in a supportive, non-judgmental environment, and if it’s free for those who lack insurance, or whose insurance doesn’t cover the care.

That transition-related care is medically necessary is not a “lefty” belief. It’s my professional opinion as an adolescent medicine specialist with more than 30 years of medical experience, and the opinion shared by every prominent medical association in the country.

We fear what we don’t understand, and for many people, that’s the needs of transgender youth. But instead of letting fear exclude people in need from medically necessary care, let’s extend our medicine and our love to all.
Bill_Fan (Seattle)
Period? So says the know-it-all.

Transgendered youth?

You should fear making life changing mistakes before it's too late.
Aaron Adams (Carrollton Illinois)
It has been said by many that the desire to become transgendered is not a mental illness and we know that it not a physical illness so why would be expect any health insurance to pay for any "treatment "?
Vaughn McLaughlin (Brooklyn, NY)
Your comment is inherently transphobic and defeats the purpose of this editorial. People don't "become" transgender, they simply are.
Bill_Fan (Seattle)
You missed the point. If it's normal, why pay?
Julie (Denver)
Because unresolved Transgender issues lead to mental illnesses such as depression. Much like smoking is not an illness but many companies spend a fortune on Wellness Programs intended to "treat smokers" because smoking leads to illness.
EricaWIP33 (Philadelphia, PA)
The one major thing I think many people are forgetting is that transgender people pay their insurance premiums just like you or I do. So they are entitled to medically necessary care just the same as you are. And you know what, I would much rather have my premiums increase because my insurance (which it already does) covers transgender health because these people can't help it; this is who they are, how they were born, and no more a lifestyle choice than a heterosexual woman's "choice" to be straight or an African-American man's "choice" to be black.

Also, to be brutally honest, I would much rather my insurer take care of transgender people before they help out the obese man who has eaten himself into type II diabetes, and the idiot who puts his loaded handgun into his pants and it blows off his nether regions...those are very real choices, but no one would ever choose to have gender dysphoria.
Here (There)
They pay premiums, but plans do not cover this, and will not without a mammoth rise in premiums. That is, you want us to pay more for our health insurance so you can have your body shaped to your specifications.

And your comment about the man you mention shows how even favored minorities can spout bigotry.
Kathleen (<br/>)
I really doubt that the 30-35% of the population who are obese would agree with you. Obesity has many causes, some of which are environmental (e.g., obesogens in plastic cpntainers, in our food, and, as some have maintained, even in our water, not to mention the requirement that many who are employed spend most of their day sitting)) and some of which are genetic (e.g., the so-called fatso gene, insensitivity to leptin, oversensitivity to ghrelin, insulin resistance, etc.). Even the smaller average number of children per family is thought to play a role in the obesity epidemic, since earlier-born children tend to weigh more. In any case, hating the obese is bigotry.
Rea Tarr (Malone, NY)
I, also, am suffering from "depression, anxiety and other conditions that take a toll" on my well-being and productivity. In short, I'm 78 and look old, old old. So old that I can't disguise my age, such that even though I'm running and weight training regularly and never even have a cold, the wrinkles and crinkles and droops and spots are all over the place. So the jobs are all going to younger applicants.

I need lifts and tucks and whatever's going these days to transform my body to that of a young woman. (Well, somewhat young, then.) But Medicare won't pay for it.

It's not reasonable to refuse medical treatment that would allow me to once again be an employed, productive, tax-paying citizen. It's not reasonable that I have to fight every day against self-destructive behavior because I'm forced to live in a body that I don't identify with.
Thomas (L)
Transgender people's brains failed to develop in accordance with their physical sex. A transgender person with a male body literally has the brain of a female. There are structural differences between the brain of a man and the brain of a woman. These structural differences necessitate a certain hormone level in order for the brain to function properly; the male brain needs high testosterone while the female brain needs high estrogen.

A transgender with a male body and a female brain needs the same hormones as any other woman. The hormonal imbalance is what causes the severe anxiety and depression. It is visceral and inherent stress, not the normal type of anxiety due to one's life circumstances. It is anxiety present with a trans person since their birth that only grows worse the older they get. This dysphoria grows so intense over time that many trans people only find resolve in suicide if they cannot get the medical treatment they need. Health insurance companies are now only required to cover Hormone Replacement Therapy for trans people, which is the most medically necessary part.

Any surgery subsequent to HRT is simply to bring the body more into alignment with the trans person's brain, and most of these surgeries are not covered by insurance as they are not medically necessary, although they do further alleviate any dysphoria.

Everything I just stated is scientific evidence that has become widely accepted by the medical community in the past few decades.
lksf (lksf)
Yet another man deciding that male and female brains are really, really different. And that "transgender" males have "female brains."

What constitutes a female brain? Us females would really like to know. Especially from a man's perspective.
EricaWIP33 (Philadelphia, PA)
Depends on the insurance company and plan. My company covers EVERYTHING, mostly because they know a happy employee is one that is going to bring the most value to the workplace...
John Howard (Arlington, MA)
Reassignment surgery is just tip of iceberg. Next comes uterus transplants and sperm and egg made from stem cells so that people can try to reproduce as the other sex.

But there is no right to reproduce as the other sex, and no benefit or need, so we should ban it.
E C (New York City)
Wow, you create a farfetched scenario and then demand that it be banned.
John Howard (Arlington, MA)
I didn't create any scenario, uterus transplants are happening now for women without wombs, and labs are making precursor germ cells from stem cells. And yeah, it needs to be ruled out ASAP. People should not think it is a possibility, ever.
AR Clayboy (Scottsdale, AZ)
Another problem with government's intrusion into health insurance markets. One can argue the moral, ethical and practical issues of this either way. That is why the conclusion should not be imposed upon us by government. If the health benefits of these treatments are cost-justified, a free insurance market would cover them. If many opposed payment for such treatment, a free market would have plans that excluded such patients from the risk pool. When government takes over, it imposes its will on everyone. Is it any wonder that we are more polarized than ever before. Generally, I am willing to let people be whatever they want to be, as long as I do not have to pay for it. Unfortunately, progressivism is all about taking away freedom and making progressive views mandatory.
E C (New York City)
Before the government got involved, these free markets had so many different types of pools--some wanting contraception, some forbidding it, some including gender reassignment and some not, etc, etc, etc--that almost NONE of them were cost-justified. Insurance raised prices, doubling premiums in the last decade and shifting more and more costs to consumers.

A "free insurance market" has led directly to this ultra-expensive disaster called American healthcare.
AR Clayboy (Scottsdale, AZ)
Sorry EC, but you cannot blame American healthcare on the free market. Our country has been regulating healthcare since the New Deal: biasing the system toward employer-paid insurance through labor and tax law; limiting the supply of doctors and paraprofessionals through guild regulation; creating perverse incentives for patients and providers under Medicare and Medicaid; and now shifting costs and benefits between preferred and non-preferred groups under Obamacare. What you call the "disaster" of American healthcare is government-designed, government-administered and government regulated.
DLP (Brooklyn, New York)
I was surprised to read the medical community in the US supports what is described as transgender care. I just wonder about self-interest - we have well-paying specialties involved here. And I wonder about any treatment involving surgery/money/drugs for life. And what about kids? When do we start this? I don't know about this.
E C (New York City)
How will we deal with the psychological and economic issues of those who have to go through life knowing they are in the wrong bodies but not being able to do anything about it?
Thom McCann (New York)

The British newspaper the Guardian in 2004 interviewed SRS patients who said they were no happier after surgery and felt they’d made a big mistake. A large-scale 2011 study from the Netherlands found treated transsexuals had much higher than normal death rates due to suicide, drug abuse, AIDS, and so on.

From a column by Frank Bruni in the NY Times (January 2012):
The exact dynamics through which someone winds up gay are “still an open question,” said Clinton Anderson, the director of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Concerns Office of the American Psychological Association.

In other words it is a choice and choice can be changed.

We need a lot more extended research into gender orientation and choice than we have done so far.

Anything less is a call for more divisiveness and confusion on this matter in our nation.
Adam Smith (TX)
Psychiatric care that's how. Spare me your replies, seen and heard enough trans to be firmly convinced it is a mental issue, unless there are physical abnormalities that do warrant treatment. And please let's address the needs of people living in poverty who lack basic health care for themselves and their kids,, not the so called need for expensive surgeries and procedures. The NY Times should be embarassed to dish pro-trans articles with such frequency.
Elizabeth (Europe)
As the parent of a transgender child, I can attest to the difficulty of getting appropriate and affordable medical care--and I am a nurse with numerous medical contacts. Finding a therapist was relatively easy, and that treatment was covered under my medical insurance. Nothing else could proceed until my child had the diagnosis of gender dysphoria. Once that diagnosis was confirmed, though, insurance paid for little. There were only two doctors in town who even saw transgender patients, and they had very different treatment regimens (and neither took insurance, as nothing was covered).

The costs for hormone replacements were covered for some medications for both men and women, and some only for women. What worked best for the patient was not a consideration, and costs for the daily medications ran into hundreds of dollars per month.

If you have suffered through a child's depression an suicidal ideation because the gender presented does not match the gender identified with, you, too, would pay any cost, regardless of the unfairness of it. It is time to treat gender dysphoria as the very real disorder it is, and ensure that people suffering from this access treatment that is affordable. I pay plenty for health insurance for my family. I do not need to pay for necessary treatments as though my family were uninsured.
JMD (St. Paul, MN)
As a nurse, and the mother of a beautiful, brilliant, wonderful transgender daughter, I agree with everything you wrote here.
grannychi (Grand Rapids, MI)
I'm basically ignorant about this. But if the incidence of depression, suicides and attempted suicides in adults who have transitioned is as high as some posters have claimed, transitioning during childhood is a bit scary. Let's have more information about gender dysphoric children's progression to adulthood, when they do receive support.
Matt (NJ)
I've never liked my nose, and it's been distressing me. I find it difficult to feel confident, make friends, find romantic partners, and aspire to jobs the make the most of my talents.

Where's my insurance subsidy?
Natasha (CA)
I don't think they offer services for the kinds of disfigurements internet trolls are prone to. Not much one can do for the ugliness of the soul, I'm afraid.
JA Lewis (Manhattan)
Agreed. Where's my subsidy for my lady brain telling me that I need bigger boobs or I will become incredibly depressed? Apparently saying the truth about any of this stuff is always transphobic and we're "trolls." LOL.

This is a medical industry/psycholgists and big pharma cash cow. One day this cruel trend of medicalizing people this way will be seen in the same light as lobotomies and eugenics.
Here (There)
The reason is that it is expensive and elective. Plastic surgery for the left.

Pay for it yourself, not on the (rapidly becoming more expensive) premium dollars of other insureds.
Audrey Remusat (Toledo, OH)
Do you even know how much the medical care costs a trans* person? Thousands it blood work which occurs either 2-4 times a year, hundreds for prescriptions, hundreds for therapist visits.... these costs over time will out weigh any surgery costs.... Surgery isn't an elective when your body is constantly fighting against your brain. It is no more an elective than someone needing a blood transfusion, or a breast reduction due to back pain, or lypo because of a hyper-active thyroid. Can you even picture yourself waking up the next morning in the opposite sex's body and how you would react???? How far you'd go to fix that if you could because it is all wrong, it's torture for you and the only escape you believe you have to change that or just take your own life because you see no hope left or a life worth living?? The fact that you seem so focused on only the money tells me you practically don't care about anyone else but yourself. I mean heaven forbid the 99% of people who don't have to worry about this help out the 1% of people this effects talk about a role reversal!!
EricaWIP33 (Philadelphia, PA)
Honestly, there are conservative transgender people, and independents. And the thing you seem to be overlooking is that transgender people pay the same premiums that you pay...you aren't paying for it any more than you or I am paying for some obese person's diabetes medication, or the broken bone of an idiot who rode his motorcycle without a helmet.
NorthernDancer (NYS)
@Here

Every major medical group agrees that transition is medically necessary. If the criteria is to be expensive plastic surgery, are you also in favour of denying treatment to people with cleft palates?

I don't like paying for the very expensive care of people who make choices that increase, often substantially increase, their risk of heart disease and diabetes. Those choices are much more elective than a transman getting top surgery. Insurance companies are happy to cover a lifetime of hormones for a guy who lost his organ to cancer but not of a transman.

And of course people who have actually run the numbers point out that the cost per policy holder is minimal. The reason that this type of care is not covered is much more about prejudice and the ease with which society can trample an impoverished, tiny minority than it is about economics.
Gary (Brooklyn, NY)
I think people have a right to have this surgery, but as a priority it is far behind saving lives and stuff like repairing broken bones. Or dental care for all. As for "living in a body you don't identify with," there are many budding athletes and actors who feel likewise but are not subsidized. There needs to be more rationality here, including inclusion in health plans and asking people who want transgender procedures to bear part of the cost.
Audrey Remusat (Toledo, OH)
Wrong, this needs to be treated no differently than a broken bone. If your gender didn't match with your sex you'd take steps to fix that, much like you'd take steps to get a bone fixed, but imagine the bone you need fixed isn't covered, i.e. your collar bone, say it's broken, but your insurance covers all other bones but not your collar. Gee wouldn't that suck.... going the rest of your life with a improperly healed collar bone that will end up causing loads more physical problems later on in life!
E C (New York City)
The rates of suicide and violence against the trans population are astounding. This is a life or death matter.
cfaye (Midwood, Brooklyn)
Perspective is personal. In the US on average, 3 women (born women) are murdered each day by domestic violence. That works out to approximately 1,095 women per year murdered in "the home" and doesn't include the broken bones and bruises.

1,905 women murdered in the US by domestic violence alone vs. 22 trans murdered in 2015? Astounding is right.
Dr. Sam Rosenblum (Palestine)
If Transgenders should be given medical financial assistance to reach their physical goals, women who are devastated by the size of their breasts, or men who cannot live with size of their penises should also receive reasonably priced medical care covered by their insurance. Indeed, all plastic treatments for patients who need to make a change should be covered by insurance. To not do so appears to me to be discriminatory.
Audrey Remusat (Toledo, OH)
I agree with you, all of these should be covered, an perhaps it will be this movement that starts this.... there are however differences because a trans* person's body never had to chance to develop like a cis-person's body. Only the trans* youth of today are getting that ability, and even then not all youth are able to get things like hormone blockers. But again the focus is on surgery.... we struggle with the HRT coverage, the therapist visits, and heaven forbid anything that comes up that is related to the gender we are desperately trying to get away from!! Not to mention employment and housing discrimination, and family acceptance!!
Laura (St. Paul)
If so many trans people are "desperate" to get away from their physical gender, why do so many refuse to get bottom surgery? It seems to me that removing the "wrong" genitals would be the first order of business.
NorthXNW (West Coast)
I am sorry Audrye but the body of a person with a image disorder, you for example, developed exactly as the DNA told it to develop. There was nothing wrong with your body only you didn't like it so welcome to the real world. Cutting yourself up won't change it, or change you, it will only alter others perception of who you think you are and it may not be what you think. You can tattoo spots on your body and change the shape of your ears but it wouldn't make you a beagle. You can pretend you're a cat and get fake whiskers or get fake horns but it won't make you a goat or a devil. Sorry. Really I am.

Your insistence you have a problem is true because there is a schizophrenia between your perceived identity and your actual identity and that should tell us both what? Simply put you should accept your identity because your body eventually will grow old, like it or not, and you will have to learn to accept. Your body holds vast power over who you are and will ultimately win any fight you pick with it. Really, you should spend some time talking with people facing death and it might help you to realize we are guests not owners. It's good to be a good guest.