Astronomers’ Dark Energy Hopes Fade to Gray

Feb 19, 2018 · 67 comments
Charles E Owens Jr (arkansas)
Get every person to donate 2 bucks a month and bingo bango you have it paid for. Americans spend more on Pet Toys than they do on space as my brother likes to Point out, he is an Aerospace engineer. He and I have put a great deal of thinking into the funding issues. I invest in Gold and Silver and BioWebScape Projects. We need a crowd funded Space Projects group.
Dnain (Carlsbad,CA)
The US economy is about $20,000 billion a year. The US spent 0.15% of that on lawn care ($29B). The entire budget of NASA, most of which is used for studying the Earth, is 0.1% ($19B). Might I humbly suggest that the US has the wherewithal to set up multiple permanent robotic stations on the moon AND study the reason for the apparent acceleration of the expansion of the Universe? And for those of you that think we should spend more on Alzheimer's, I agree. The US spends 0.005% ($0.48B), currently. The plain fact is that the US is not investing anywhere near adequately in science.
Slipping Glimpser (Seattle)
The best solution to this gutting of good sense is to vote: vote out the militarists, the know nothings, the chauvinists. We know who they are. Vote, and help get out the vote. Democracy: a force against implosion.
Daisy (undefined)
Why throw billions of dollars into this useless project, when we could be researching a cure for Alzheimers? ALS? Cancer, even.
Tom (Tuscaloosa AL)
Understanding how the universe works is useless? OK, now you see how silly that statement is. On to point two: if we start prioritizing all expenditures then we have to decide which is more important, Alz or cancer or campaigns to outlaw automatic weapons. If cancer is most important then we should spend ALL our money on that and NONE on any others, right? Hmmmm, that doesn't seem right...
Charles E Owens Jr (arkansas)
We could throw all the money in the world against the wall of cancer and still not find a cure if we don't stop burning fossil fuels and eating junk food.. Throwing money after only one thing will only get us so far. We need more investment In ALL science not figuring out how to kill our fellow humans in endless wars and the 800 Billions they want to spend on killing people. Space is short changed a lot too.
Mark Joseph (Los Angeles)
Keep in mind that If the dark matter theory is correct, it would be the first time in human history we've got it right. Most likely is that we simple don't understand gravity like we think.
Mary K (Honolulu)
Which is precisely why it would be a good idea to continue to study it.
Steve Smith (Las Vegas)
Dark Energy, Dark Matter is a fudge for something else. As you point out none of them exist anyway
Brian (Toronto)
Does no-one worry that we will one day understand the nature of dark energy in the same way that we now understand the nature of nuclear energy? I mean, Mr. Einstein did not initial envision the military capabilities of his theories, and now we have North Korea and Iran. I guess it would be worse if someone else figured it out first, but still ...
HenchmanTwenty1 (Rhode Island)
The theory of the existance of dark energy to me always seemed like magic or religion. An attempt to create an explanation for something we didn't understand because we didn't have enough facts of the how and why things behaved as they did. Plants and animals grow? Nature spirits! Earthquake? Must've ticked off some deity. Perhaps it is just the nature of the universe to expand outward. Everything in the universe is in motion and no matter which way it is going it is still ultimately travelling outwards. Maybe as the universe continues to expand, and therefore its mass gets more diffuse, it meets less counter resistance from whatever is beyond our existance. Maybe our reality is like a drop of oil that drips onto the surface of a puddle in a parking lot. Our reality is incompatible with whatever was there before, so we get stretched out. Just a theory.
Tom (Tuscaloosa AL)
OK, everybody, listen up. Science does NOT explain things. Science offers models that use agreed upon definitions and mental representations of certain phenomena to make sense of the world. We can use these models to make predictions about certain MEASUREMENTS we might encounter which we can intellectually relate to the model we have created. When we say that light behaves as a wave we do not need nor expect that the phenomena of light is actually something like the bobbing water wave on a lake. We only mean that the analogy allows us to make a prediction about a MEASUREMENT we might make regarding how a light "wave" might manifest itself.
Matt (NYC)
ALL theories try to explain some phenomenon based on limited information. If, after extensively testing such a theory, enough additional information is gathered, the theory may become a “law.” The difference between theories, magic and religion is that: (1) religion in particular claims perfection in its beliefs and vehemently rejects all evidence contradicting those beliefs; and (2) neither religion nor magic actually require a rational basis to believe something (in fact belief WITHOUT proof is often a virtue). By contrast, a scientist who manages to disprove a popular theory would be lauded for refining human knowledge, not accused of blasphemy. And of course, theories that abandon all rationality rarely make it through peer-review.
Mark Shull (Pennsylvania)
Typical Trump. Flash over substance. One more way to put the US behind in science today, and in competitiveness tomorrow.
Mark Joseph (Los Angeles)
Some Readers are bummed that we're getting rid of a dark matter telescope that cost 3B and has a low chance of working, and instead focusing on the moon. Makes no sense, no one understands dark matter, it's something dramatized on the history channel, let's go to the moon!
Electroman72 (Texas)
We can and should do both: to go the moon to set up a base and the out what dark matter and dark matter is. And then go to Mars. These things are so inspirational for me and for the next generation that the cost is pittance compared to the defense budget. Cut a warship or a couple fighter jets, or learn about the fundamental fabric of the universe and try to inhabit the moon to inspire humanity and come up with new technologies. It's not a tough call for Americans, only for politicians on the corporate dole.
Thomas Zaslavsky (Binghamton, N.Y.)
Cut the whole F-35 program and we can pay for generous science for the next decade, without cutting any human support (oh, but we'll have to reclaim the billionaire corporation tax giveaway).
Ian (Los Angeles)
I'm a former astronomer, so I have perspective but no horse in the race. A manned mission to the moon is very exciting, but little to no science will come out of it. It was an incredible achievement in 1969, but there's little we can learn that can't be accomplished without robots. When people ask me about dark energy, the force that's prevents another big bang and will cause the universe to expand forever, I'm forced to shrug. We know nothing about something so fundamental to the fate of the entire universe. The priority for NASA is clear to me.
Stevenz (Auckland)
It's a shame to cancel this in favor of going to the moon since they aren't going to the moon, either. How many presidents have committed to - pick one - moon/Mars/asteroid and haven't been able to sustain a programme through the next presidency. The same will happen this time, too. There will be several more presidents before the US is capable to once again get a man out of earth orbit. The science missions usually do happen, flying above the radar perhaps. They are what has kept the US in space after abdicating all manned flight to the Russians. That's the real pity.
Humanity (Earth )
Kakistocracy. Word of the day and it perfectly describes America today
Vern Castle (Northern California)
The NASA budget is around o.5% of the federal budget. With that pittance, they still maintain a system of global monitors that save millions (billions?) with advance warning on storms, analysis of global resources, telecommunications as well as advanced landers and research facilities like the ISS. Life on Earth is better and safer because of reaching for the stars. Write your representatives and demand serious funding for NASA. It is in all of our best interests- as a people and as a planet.
Wayne Dawson (Tokyo, Japan)
Oh, but we have our tax cuts. I can largely agree with the notion of fiscal responsibility, and there is merit in the notion that "privatization" helps increase efficiency. The thing is, science exploration is about possibilities; things that may lead to other things, but nobody can really say exactly what. It would be hard for a business to justify to a typical board (these days) to invest in a project that _might_ yield a big return in _something_ 20 or 30 years from now, even if that nebulously-defined "something" were "interesting". It has always been true that the forefront of science was funded by people who invested money in something that gave no return at all in their lifetime. The careful astronomical measurements of Tycho Brahe were funded by a rich noble, Da Vince made money from Venice's military spending, but used some of the proceedings to do his private projects that advanced our scientific understanding, Copernicus was at least supported by the Church. The way that science advanced was that people invested in science that did not yield immediate profit yet has benefitted civilization and at the same time often pushed the bounds of technology. Independent of the precise merits of the project, this is something being made and half done. We have a hole in the ground where SSC was to be. I think Congress needs to be honest with the people about what government cost and learn to understand how science leads the way to technology and profit.
Electroman72 (Texas)
You can't cut the defense bill, oh that sacred cow.
Thomas Zaslavsky (Binghamton, N.Y.)
Tycho was supported by two kings. Mission creep costs billions of unnecessary expense. The merit in "privatization" increasing efficiency is dubious and is overcompensated by profiteering and outright corruption. Sorry. Or, wait for your toll streets.
AndyW (Chicago)
Let’s remain optimistic, perhaps before 2022 we will be able to built and fly it better and cheaper.
DRS (New York)
This is a shame, but it’s not all conservatives’ fault. About all scientific endeavors, particularly involving space exploration and basic science, I constantly hear liberals chanting “with starving children why are we xyz...”.
Thomas Zaslavsky (Binghamton, N.Y.)
DRS, fortunately, those are far from all liberals. Listen to others to get away from the "constant chanting" (which I also find short-sighted, innumerate, and annoying).
danarlington (mass)
At the same time the superconducting supercollider was cancelled, the human genome project started. That launched us into leadership in biotech. Chemistry was the queen of science in the 1800s. Physics was the queen of science in the 1900s. Biology and biotech is becoming the queen(s) of science in the 2000s.
Bob (Pennsylvania)
This is a glorious testimony to the majority of the USA's population's mindset of hatred, hostility, antipathy, and appalling ignorance when it comes to science and it's role in the advancement of human knowledge. So sad, so terrible, so preventable.
Peace wanted (Washington DC)
It is worth pointing out that the current basic theoretical basis of cosmology is completely wrong. First, Einstein's relativity is wrong which claims time is relative and clocks can never be synchronized in more than one inertial reference frames, but the fact is that all atomic clocks on the GPS satellites are not only synchronized relative to the ground clocks, but also to each other. Once relativity is wrong, then the Big Bang theory is wrong too. There is no such a thing called spacetime in nature, not to mention the expansion of spacetime. The disproof of relativity leads to the existence of aether - a fluid fills up the entire visible part of the universe, relative to which the speed of light is isotropic. The existence of aether makes all astronomical phenomena easily explained: It is the mass of aether that generates the extra gravitation to bind stars in galaxies (not dard matter); It is the high pressure of aether that pushes galaxies away from each other in acceleration (not dark energy); It is the density change compressed by gravitation near massive celestial objects that bends light (not gravitational lensing); It is the viscosity of aether near the sun that slows down the rotation of the surface of the sun; It is the waves of aether generated by the motion of a particle that makes the particle demonste particle-wave duality. Therefore, it may be a wise decision to cancel the current Wfirst project now as it should first establish the right theory.
scsmits (Orangeburg, SC)
@Peace wanted Your entire comment is just noise. I challenge you to calculate anything of astronomical significance that's heretofore uncalculated and unexplained. Einstein's theory is used in GPS satellite timing already, so what are you talking about. And what about the Michelson-Morley experiment that showed that no ether exists.
Peter Alexander (Boston)
Agreeing with you completely.
Bill Camarda (Ramsey, NJ)
Show me your math.
Mike Boyajian (Fishkill)
America is being eaten from within by people who do not believe in science and who take great pride in their ignorance.
Dra (Md)
Interesting that the spies have a telescope no one has heard of just laying around gathering dust.
Bobotheclown (Pennsylvania)
The CIA has an unlimited black budget. We have no idea (and neither does Congress) what they have built or what they have done. They have often stated that they have lied under oath to Congress and that they will do so in the future whenever they see fit. As our country became a national security state more and more resources were taken from the civilian sector (education, infrastructure, healthcare, science) and given to the military side to the point that all civilian needs have been starved. In the future, if science wants any money at all, it should find a way to weaponized its ideas as a way to share in the growing side of the budget. If they just make a case that dark energy could produce a new super weapon they can get all the money they need.
Thomas Zaslavsky (Binghamton, N.Y.)
Bobotheclown, isn't it already obvious that "dark energy could produce a new super weapon"? We just don't know exactly how. Trillions needed! Then with that weapon we can collapse the local universe. What fun!
Rex Muscarum (California)
Why focus on cutting edge science when you can order NASA to revisit exploration of the 1960s. Next up, the US Navy will be ordered to reproduce Sir Francis Drake’s circumnavigation of the world.
Bobotheclown (Pennsylvania)
There is still a lot of leading edge science that can be learned if we fully commit to building a sustainable moon base. The fact that we managed to get there a few times in the 1970's does not mean that we understand the moon or have the necessary science for advanced moon shots. In terms of manned planetary exploration the moon is an absolutely necessary step in developing the technologies necessary to get to the other planets. The current dreams of Mars colonization are childish hobbies of misguided billionaires who do not understand the science involved. We will be lucky if this country ever allocates money for any space activity again and if they decide to go back to the moon we should call it a victory for the New Frontier.
Thomas Zaslavsky (Binghamton, N.Y.)
Rex, I agree that circumnavigating the globe at all is complete nonsense. That might interrupt the global supply chain and raise prices, but hey! it's been done. And while we're at it, we can save money on fighting disease. It's been done! And knock down those repetitive weather satellites. And stop drilling for oil. It's been done. It's over. Now let's do something new, like drilling for magma. There's an exciting scientific/military project!
Pilot (Denton, Texas)
It always seemed to me that science has no nationality. If China discovers the "secret", I am sure they will publish the paper and have it reviewed by others. By the way, 3.2 billion dollars seems almost trivial these days. Football stadiums cost about the same and most of those stadiums are mostly payed for with taxes at the local level. Perhaps NASA needs a couple of more degrees in finances.
Bobotheclown (Pennsylvania)
NASA is a government agency and is not allowed to raise money outside of its charter. It is required by law to use only the money budgeted by Congress which, like Amtrak, has been trying to destroy it for years. Instead of more degrees in finance NASA needs scientists who can get elected to office and raise the Congressional awareness of what science really does.
gnowzstxela (nj)
Oy. With all that money cut from the science budget to fund the Moon mission, NASA should get there just in time for selfies with the tourists from SpaceX and Blue Origin.
Bobotheclown (Pennsylvania)
China will get to the moon years before SpaceX and they will have fully functioning moon bases in all the best locations. China is going to put 100 times more money into this project than SpaceX and someday they may demand our permission to land.
angbob (Hollis, NH)
Let us remember that a major purpose of such programs is to employ people. If we neglect utilizing the abilities of scientists, what contribution will they make?
Bobotheclown (Pennsylvania)
Scientists can always work on secret weapons, there seems to be no end of the money available for that. Or they can serve coffee at Starbucks in our new service economy. They say there are going to many new jobs available.
Todd (Cleveland)
Just saw that Super Bowl spending tops 15 Billion. This chance to change our understanding of the Universe costs just over 3 Billion.
Chris (La Jolla)
Can we identify who actually was responsible for cancelling this program?Just blaming it on the "Trump budget does not shed any light on this. Or is this the result of a group frustrated because of the Webb Telescope "mismanagement"? It would be nice to see the reasons behind this action.
Bobotheclown (Pennsylvania)
Trump think science dumb. Bad science. Science go away.
Thomas Zaslavsky (Binghamton, N.Y.)
Bobotheclown, science thinks Trump dumb, so we're even (?).
Sneeral (NJ)
Not to worry. The technology being developed to burn clean coal will assure American supremacy in science for generations. Let others pour wasted money into basic scientific research and renewable energy. In Trump we trust.
Charles E Owens Jr (arkansas)
I am almost sure you mean this as a snide aside, but I might be wrong. Science doesn't stand still for dead politicians, they still use chemistry to decompose and biology to turn back into flowers, then over time into a mass of coal, to be burned up into the hot air they started using to talk about the clean coal issue in the first place.
Mike W (virgina)
We do not know what dark energy is, but we currently think that in the first few seconds of the big bang the envelope of our universe expanded at a rate substantially faster than the speed of light. Some believe that this expansion was also dark energy. We are now beginning the exploitation of nearby solar system planets, and looking for interstellar planets that might be habitable. The crushing truth is that we cannot travel to anywhere fast enough to take advantage of this knowledge. Faster than light (FTL) travel is currently only a science fiction gimmick. If we can verify dark energy, and then harness it, FTL may become possible. The reasons for saving money in the budget are probably important, but the first nation to crack FTL will own interstellar space. The pessimists are learning Chinese and the.optimists are learning Russian. I think they should stick to American ala Falcon Heavy Lifter.
tea (elsewhere)
Everybody hates me when I say this, but I don't believe in "Dark Matter." Based on the previous two thousand years of radical scientific revisions to the matter of reality, it seems more likely that an error has been made, or that something has been fundamentally misunderstood. When people talk about religious dogma, I think of dark matter.... That is not to say that I support cutting these programs, or that they won't discover something world changing, but that the search for dark matter is a wild goose chase.
J. Rainsbury (Roanoke, VA)
Science is not a matter of belief or non-belief. It's a matter of theories, predictions, and evidence. If you've got some other explanation for the oddities in stellar orbits around galaxies, I'm sure astronomers would love to hear it. Otherwise, your comment just amounts to an unsupported assertion that the mission will not succeed.
Bill (Maryland)
You are confused. Dark matter is not dark energy.
tea (elsewhere)
*sigh*
Hugh MacDonald (Los Angeles)
Lol. Dark energy and dark matter are both fictions of blackboard equations. Neither are real, but are looked for because such equations insist that they exist. Whatever happened to the scientific method? Observe something and THEN describe it, rather than write an equation and then go hunting for it. P.S. Any time you rely upon 0 and infinity as your bounds, you are looking for trouble. P.P.S. I know, I know. both are necessary for math to work. But...not for the universe.
Bill (Maryland)
We have observed something -- that the expansion of the universe is accelerating. Dark energy is a possible cause. A goal of the WFIRST mission is to obtain crucial information on the nature of the expansion allowing us to determine the nature of dark energy (or whatever is causing the expansion).
scsmits (Orangeburg, SC)
@Hugh You don't know what you're talking about. Dark matter is a scientific idea that arose from any observation in 1933, by Fritz Zwicky, of the galaxies in the Coma cluster. Vera Rubin observed the motion of stars around galaxies in the 1960s that provided further evidence of dark matter. The theoretical explanation of dark matter only dates from the 1990s.
Bobotheclown (Pennsylvania)
So if there is a blackboard involved it is not science? Did you have to stay after school too many times and clean the blackboard?
Bill McGrath (Peregrinator at Large)
While we spend more on defense than most of the rest of the world combined, we are squandering our lead in science. We've surrendered in particle physics. We don't even have a vehicle to reach the ISS. We cancel projects that would help answer the most perplexing questions in cosmology. Our health care system is a disaster. Our infrastructure is falling apart. Our educational system turns out students that rank in the bottom quartile among industrialized nations. We are witnessing the demise of the United States as a world leader. We have lost international credibility. Is this what some think will make America great again? I can only take some comfort in knowing that I won't be alive to see the final collapse, but I can see it coming.
BlindStevie (Newport, RI)
As pessimistic as this is, I have to say that is sounds correct to me. Americans are notably short-sighted. It's important to be frugal, but it's also important to research our environment.
LawyerTom1 (MA)
Given the recent publication of a study of white dwarfs (the entity that goes off as a type 1a supernova) and the variation in oxygen (carbon too?) from WD to WD, it is probably clear that Type 1a supernovas are not a standard candle, or at least as uniform as presupposed. Alternatives to Type 1a supernovas need to be found, assessed, and employed. It appears that is happening, but given the recent understanding of the nonstandard nature of white dwarfs, the replacements/options also need a thorough assessment so that we get it right.
Peter O (Woodstock, NY)
I say get a true visionary involved in the search for information about dark matter. Elon Musk (go ahead and laugh) seems to be about the only one who knows how to both see the future and work pragmatically in the present. After launching his Falcon Heavy, with reusable boosters returning safely to earth, he will soon provide internet for all—a plan that even the troglodytic capitalist Agit Pai has signed onto.
Bill (Maryland)
Alternatives to supernovae have been found for studying dark energy -- weak lensing and baryon acoustic oscillations. I won't attempt to describe these techniques here (see Google). WFIRST has instruments to use all 3 of these techniques.
Bobotheclown (Pennsylvania)
Right. He thinks that he is going to put a base on Mars. Why am I not supposed to laugh at this?